The Zionist movement, born at the end of the nineteeth century, was created in order to find a solution for the Ashkenazi Jews dissemminated in Eastern and Central Europe, speaking yiddish, living generally in schtetels, who were then subject to antisemitic persecutions. Theodor Herzl, founder of the Zionist movement was convinced that by creating a Jewish State for these Jews, transforming them into peasants and rooting them in the land, antisemitism will disappear on Earth.

The site for the projected State on Earth was in controversy. Many Zionists proposed to establish it in Ouganda, then a British colony. Others in Argentina. Finally, it was decided to establish it in Palestine, then an Ottoman province, because of the ideological links of the majoritarian orthodox East European Jews with this country. These Jews repeated many times during the year in their prayers next year in Jerusalem.
The fact that Palestine was relatively densely populated by one of the oldest peoples on Earth, the Palestinians, and all its arable land cultivated, did not deter the Zionists. At the end of the nineteeth century, when Western imperialism ruled the World and colonialism was at its height, the establishment of a European Ashkenazi Jewish State in Palestine, a country in the center of the Arab World, did not seem unrealistic. In the nineteeth century, the World witnessed the massacres of the Tasmanian and Australian aborigenes by the British in order to seize their land. The Americans were killing the Far West Indians in order to occupy their pasture-grounds. The French were deporting the Algerian fellahs from the plains into the Kabylian mountains, in order to establish French settlers on their land. In this epoch, Third World peoples,such as the Palestinians, were not considered as human beings worth of consideration.

The small Zionist movement, born in Eastern and Central Europe, had neither the economic resources, nor the military strength to establish by its own means a Jewish State. In order to realize their objectives, the Zionists looked after a foreign power that will sponsor the creation of such a State and will help to defend it against its Arab neighbours. In counterpart, the new State was ready to help defend their interests in the Middle East.
Theodor Herzl in its pamphlet "The Jewish State", considered as the Bible of Zionism, openly proposed that the future Jewish State should become in the Middle East a strategic basis of the Western power that will help establish this State. He writes: "For Europe, we will become in Palestine, part of a bulwark against Asia, we will be the advanced sentry of civilisation against barbarity. We should have, as a neutral State, constant links with all Europe, who must garantee our existence ". (1)

Since antiquity Palestine was considered one of the most important strategic areas of the World. Situated in the fringes of Asia, not far from Europe, Palestine was the only terrestrial link between Asia and Africa. The building up of the Suez canal which shortens the sea route to East Africa, Asia and Australia, increased its importance. When oil was discovered in fabulous quantities in the Middle East, Palestine economic and strategic importance increased again manyfold.

The Zionists had no particular preference concerning the imperialist power that will sponsor the establishment of a Jewish state and defend it. Theodor Herzl, the founder of Zionism, had contacts with the Tzarist Russian empire leaders, with the German emperor, with the Ottoman Sultan. Finally, twenty years after the First Zionist Congress, Great Britain, one of the victors of the First World War was chosen.

In one of its statements, the writer Arthur Koestler's declared that Great Britain, the then strongest imperial power in the World, through its 1917 Balfour declaration, promised the territory of the Palestinians, not belonging to her, to the representatives of a small European group of Jews, the Zionists.

The original aim of the first generation of Zionists - saving the persecuted European Jews subject to antisemitism by rooting them in the Holy Land, through the colonization of the relatively densely populated Palestine - degenerated for the Zionists second generation into a new aim: Utilize the young Ashkenazi Jews of Eastern and Central Europe in order to establish a Western Jewish State in the Holy Land, a country situated in the center of the Arab World, ethnically cleansed of its Palestinian native population. The salvation of the Jews suffering from antisemitic persecutions became a secondary aim. This new ideology had serious repercussions concerning the salvation of the European Jews during the nazism.

Israel was created in 1948, when the process of breaking up of the colonial empires of the Western powers was in full swing. The green light given by the two superpowers, winners of the Second World War - The United States and the Soviet Union - for the establishment of the State of Israel on the Palestinians land, had very little to do with their desire to find a solution for the remaining European Jews salvaged from the nazi Holocaust. Each of these two superpowers had the intention to utilize the new State of Israel as an instrument for the advance and strenghthening of their strategic, political and economic aims in the oil bearing Middle East. The Soviet Union was quickly abandonned by the Zionist leaders as sponsor of the new State. Through the creation of Israel, Palestine territory was transformed into the main Middle Eastern strategic base of the Western Powers, first and foremost the United States. In exchange the Western Powers finance, feed, arm and sustain politicaly Israel in all internations organizations.
The Zionist movement failure of realizing its main objectives
Half a century after the emergence of Israel, it can be ascertained that Israel's Zionists European Ashkenazi leaders totaly failed in the realization of their main objectives.

They did not convince most of the Ashkenazi Jews on Earth, who numbered 16 million in 1939, and 11 million after the Holocaust, to come and settle in the Holy Land. In 1996, their number in Greater Israel is smaller than that of the half a million Ashkenazis living in Israel in 1948, to whom are added all Ashkenazi Jews immigrants who came to Israel since 1948. This is due to the fact that a large proportion of Israeli Ashkenazis, most of them youngsters, emigrated to the United States. Some estimates give the number of these Israeli emigrants at 600,000, and with their off-springs around a million. But in Israel, if in 1948 only 11% of the Ashkenazi Jews were over 50 years, their proportion in 1996 is over 30 %. Its an aging and dwindling community, representing perhaps about 40% of all Israeli Jews. Their yearly natural increase was in 1993, 9,000. This number represent only about a quarter of the annual natural increase of the arabo -oriental Jews in Israel, 8 % of the yearly natural increase of the 3.4 million Palestinians still living in 1995 in former Mandatory Palestine, and around 5 % of all the Palestinians living in their motherland and in the diaspora. But it is the members of this of this community that practically assume all powers in Greater Israel. Its only them that the Western Powers trust in order to safeguard their interests in the oil-bearing Middle East.
The Zionist movement failed in its aim to have the Ashkenazi Jews become a majority in the Holy Land. The Arabo-Oriental Jews, who in 1939 represented 6 % of all Jews on Earth, represent in 1996 in Israel more than 60 % !!! of its Jewish population. Their yearly natural increase was in 1993 about 40,000, i.e. more than four times that of the Ashkenazis. These Jews are concentrated in the lower strata of the Jewish population, and are as far away of the real political power as they were in the fifties.

The Zionist movement totally failed in one of its main objectives. Ethnically cleanse Israel in its 1950 borders, and after 1967 the total area of the Holy Land, of its Palestinian indigenous population. In 1917, the Palestinians were 650,000. They number in 1996 more than 6.5 million, having more than 3.4 million still living in their motherland. The yearly natural increase of the Palestinians living in former Mandatory Palestine and in the Diaspora could be estimated at around 250,000, i.e. five times that of all Israeli Jews. More than half of them are born in former Palestine, and increase the population of the Holy Land.

The Zionists failed in their aim of transforming the Ashkenazi Jews, one of the most urbanized communities on Earth, into peasants rooted in the Palestinian land and bringing them security. Almost no Jewish peasants are to be found in Greater Israel. The kibbutz movement is agonizing. Almost all of the moshav farms of the Coastal Plain have been transformed into residential units for urban rich Israelis. A govermentaml commission of Israeli planifiers think that practically, in the year 2020, no rural sector will remain in Israel.(Jerusalem Post, French edition, 7-13 December 1994)
The only achievement of the Zionist movement during the half a century of Israel existence has little to do with the creation of a haven for persecuted Jews. The establishment of a Jewish State did not resolve the Ashkenazi Jews problem. But its effect was the deportation of about half of the Palestinians from their motherland, and the transformation of the Palestinians cultivated and other land into one of the strongest Western military bases defending the Western Powers interests in the oil bearing Middle East.

The Zionist movement failed in their aim to concentrate on the Holy Land most ashkenazi Jews on Earth. In 1996, Greater Israel, established on the area of former mandatory Palestine, has a population comprising minoritarian aging European Ashkenazi Jews assuming all powers, majoritarian Oriental Jews, about 80% of them Arabs of Jewish faith originating from the Arab World stretching from the Atlantic to the Persian Gulf, and more majoritarian Palestinians numbering 3.4 million. The yearly natural increase of the Palestinians that remained in their motherland is much greater than twice of all the Jews living in Greater Israel. Most of the other Palestinians deported after 1948, who number in 1996 more than 3 million, live in the Holy Land neighbouring countries.

Israel did not become a haven in which Jews on Earth, subject to antisemitic exactions can find security. Professor Yeshayaoou Leibovitz stated many times that the only place on Earth where Jews are in danger of annihilation is in the Holy Land. In another declaration in 1984, Leibovittz stated: "The Zionist State was created in such a way that its population does not live thanks to its work. He carries out a parasitical life thanks to the subventions received from abroad. In exchange he has transformed its army into guardian of the interests of those who furnish its bread, and he sends its children to kill or get killed for the safeguarding of these interests (3)
Israel saw light during the historical period which witnessed the disaggregation of the colonial empires. The jewish ashkenazi Zionist movement, in order to justify before World public opinion the colonization of Palestine, a relatively populated Third World country, had to create a number of myths. Desinformation was and continues to be one of the main arms used by the Zionists. Slogans like Palestine, a desertified country; Israel never projected to dispossess the Palestinians; the kibboutzniks, transformers of a desert into a blooming paradize, and others have been used in order to distort reality and justify the activities of the new colonizers.

Myths created by the Zionists, amplified by the Western media and accepted by World public opinion

Well rooted myths in Western public opinion are very difficult to overcome, especially when these myths serve the strategical, political and economic interests of the Great Western Powers. The myths developped by the Zionists concerning the situation of Palestine before their colonial occupation are numerous. New myths arose after the establishment of the British Mandate and others after the establishment of Israel. Books in English, French, German and other languages and worldwide press are full of articles praising the redeeming of the Holy Land and the blooming of the Palestine deserts by the Jewish pionneers, the miracles accomplished by the kibboutz settlers, the transformation of an arid country into a World paradize. These myths are the necessary screen in order to hide the real role played by Israel in the New World Order. The transformation of the Holy Land into the main Western Powers strategic base in the oil-bearing Middle East, allowing the West to buy the Middle East arab oil at trifle prices, and see the annual tens of billions of dollars of these transactions being invested in the United States and other Western countries. And this occurs during an historical period when the population of the poor Arab World will reach more than 300 millions in the year 2,000, and possess no other valuable resources. Hereafter some of these myths are analysed.

The myth of a desertified Palestine

The first myth which became the main slogan of the Zionist movement was created at the beginning of the century by a Jewish American writer, Israel Zangwill. He declared Palestine "A land without people for a people without land ".

In fact, at the beginning of the twenteeth century, Palestine could be considered, proportionnately to its size, a well populated country. Its population, comprising Moslems, Christians and native oriental Jews reached more than 600,000 souls. Among them, a few tens of thousand Ashkenazi Jews who came from the Russian Empire after 1880. Compared to other Third World countries, Palestine could then be considered well populated.

Mark Twain, who visited Palestine at the end of the nineteeth century, was impressed by the Ezdraelon Valley continuous green fields as seen from Mount Thabor. Not a single field was left fallow.
In his article, "The truth about Eretz Israel", Hehad Haam, a Zionist from Russia who visited Palestine at the end of the XIXth century and afterwards settled there, wrote: "It is difficult to find in the rain fed part of Palestine a field that was not cultivated"

Yaacov Meiersohn commented already in 1920: "In Palestine, there is no unsettled land at all....I am stating quite frankly and clearly that up till now there is not a single dunum of bought land in Palestine which has not been cultivated before by Arabs"(4)

It was only after the beginning of the Jewish colonization at the end of the XIX th century, when Zionists bough more and more land from effendis, leave part of it uncultivated for a future colonization, that the sterilisation and desertification of the Holy Land most fertile areas began.
For the Zionist propaganda, Palestine was a desertified country that kibbutz pioneers made bloom. This assertion is very far from the truth. In 1931, the total population of the kibbutzim was 3,000 souls, whereas the Palestinians fellahs population reached about half a million.

In 1995, almost half a century after the creation of Israel, the kibbutzim, who own a third of all agricultural land, more than half of Israel's most fertile land and utilise more than half of its agricultural waters, have a settled population of around 130,000 souls, with a very hight proportion of aged men over 50. This population represents about 2.5 % of Israel's total population. Such a concentration of arable land and irrigation water in the hands of so few people cannot be found even in any of the South America States, where latifundia are common. The production capacities of their irrigated land is very high, but their contribution in the supply of the food needs of the country's population is marginal. Their high production of milk, eggs and poultry meat has nothing to do with their field's cultivation. Its an agro-industry based on imported concentrated fodder, that could be established in the middle of a desert.

Another well accepted myth of the Zionist propaganda by Western public opinion is the blooming of the Negev desertified land and the flourishing of the montainous rocky areas of the Galilee. These areas, through the superhuman work of the kibbutz pionneers, became fertile again. In one of the documents prepared in 1947 by the Jewish Agency in order to expose the Zionist position before the United Nations, one can read: "The land held by Jews was purchased mainly from present or absentee land owners, who either left their land fallow or else leased them out, and the leases impoverished the lands through primitive exploitation. The Jewish settlers, on the other hand, greatly improved their lands, so much so that thousand of settlers with a high standard of living now derive their livelihood on the very same lands where a few hundred Arabs hardly eked out a bare existence heretofore". (5)

In 1944, about 750,000 of the 1.25 million Palestinian inhabitants of the country were peasants. They lived on the product of their land and sold the rest to the Palestinian and Jerwish urban populations. Nowadays, most of the food of the kibbutz and moshav settlers is imported.
The myth of the existence of a Jewish people
One of the myths on which the colonization of Palestine by the Ashkenazi Jews zionists was implemented was that all Jews on Earth form a single people.

Nobody will declare that the Slave Poles and the Latin Spaniards, who have Catholicism as faith, Latin as lithurgigal language, submited to Rome's papacy, form a single people. But when the control of the arab oil reserves are at stake, all ethnic absurdities are accepted by the Western public leaders.

In its editorial of the 3.5.1987, the prestigious daily "Haaretz" writes: "Politicians of the Chistian World accepted the Zionist leaders declaration that all diaspora Jews form a single people. But practially we had to furnish, to them and to ourselves, acceptable arguments fo justify this declaration"

In all their dealings with the oriental Jews, 80 % of them originating from the Arab world, the attitude of the Zionist Ashkenazi deciders showed that for them arabo-oriental Jews were unwhorthy to become settlers of the Holy Land.

At no momment of the short Zionist history, the ashkenazi Zionists accepted the oriental Jews as equal partners for the establishment of a Jewish State in the Holy Land. Discrimination and open disdain against these Jews was common.

In 1942, during the pogroms fomented under the influence of nazi provocatorn about 10 Iraki Jews died, hundreds were injured, and thousands remained homeless. The rescapees asked the Jewish Agency to help them emigrate to Palestine. The answerwas negative. But at that period, Middle Eastern countries borders were very permeable. In its documents presented to the United Nations in 1947, the Jewish Agency estimated the number of Iraki Jews of Palestine at 3,500. The first population census done after the establidshment of Israel found 8,500 Iraki Jews. The 5,000 more were Iraki Jews rescapees who came to settle illegaly in Palestine during the war years.

In September 1948, a few months after the establishment of Israel, the Israeli Government decided to stop all immigration of arabo-oriental Jews inthe new State. The Interior Minister then declared: It must not be forgotten that it is in order to resolve the problems of the European Jews that the State of Israel was created(Ben Deror Yemini- Politica,....(in Hebrew)

In 1950, the Yemenite Jews immigrants were transformed into low paid workers for the citrus plantations or "Harki" workers for the afforestation of the mountainous land of the deported Palestinians.

The same year, 550 yemenite children "disappeared" from Israeli hospitals. To their parents, the Israeli authorities told that their children were dead and buried. In 1995, a State secret was revealed. These children were given by the Womens International Zionist Organization for adoption to Jewish families of the United States. At the end of January 1996, a new scandal eerupted. The blood for wounded donated by Falashas and Falashmora Ethiopian Jews immigrants was systematicaly destroyed.

As for the ashkenazi Jews community, who holds all powers in Israel, their total number is around 2 million, i.e. less than their number in 1948 to whom are added all ashkenazi Jews immigrants.It is n agind and dwindling community, whose a large part of its youngsters have emigrated to the United States.

The Arafat-Rabin handshaking in September 13th, 1993, destroyed one of the myths on which Zionism prospered during more than a century. The non-existence of a Palestinian people on the Holy Land -. About 3.4 million of the Palestinians continue to live in their motherland, the ex-Mandatory Palestine, called by the Israelis Greater Israel. The yearly natural increase of the World Palestinians is nowadays about twice that of the yearly natural increase of all Jews on Earth, those of Israel and the diaspora Jews living all over the World. In Greater Israel, the natural increase of the indigenous Palestinians is more than twice that of all Jews of Ashkenazi, Sepharadi or Arabo-Oriental origin. It must be stated that thhe ashkenazi Jews group includes many European immigrants, such as Russians or Ukrainians have nothing to do with Judaism.

The myth of the non-existence of a Palestinian people

In their deals with the Great powers, the Zionists acted as if Palestine was inhabited. Herzl, in its book "The Jewish State", does not even mention the existence of a Palestinian people on the envied territory.

Prime minister Levy Eshkol, in its last interview published before its death, had to answer to the following question:"If the Jews had the right to an homeland in this part of the Planet, why should that be different for the Palestinians in their own country. He answered: "Who are the Palestinians? When I came to Palestine, there were all in all 250,000 non-Jews, most of them Arabs and Bedouins"(6)

After the death of Eshkol, Prime Minister Golda Meir repeated the same argument: We did not came accross a situation during which we had to deal with Palestinians in Palestine, considering themselves a poeple that we intended to transfer. They did not exist.(7)

It took almost half a century after the creation of Israel for the Zionists to recognize publicly the existence of a Palestinian people.
This recognition was the result of the 1973 Yom Kippour War that Israel almost lost, the Lebanon war that Tzahal did not succeed to bring to a succesfull end, and the Intifada war, that Tzahal did not succeed to win, and the tremendous natural increase of the Palestinian people, who increased than tenfold its population since 1917, from 0.65 millions to more than 6.5 millions. Its yearly natural increase is much above 200,000.

The myths of the blooming of the Holy Land deserts and the abolition of private land property in Israel

One of the well accepted declarations of the Zionist propaganda by Western opinion is the blooming of the Holy Land deserts by the Jewish pionneers, the flourishing of its arid and mountainous land through their surhuman work, and the almost total abolition of land private property.
Abraham Grannot, one of the Jewish Agency high civil servants responsible for its land policy, wrote in the fifties: A new reality has taken place in Israel: the concentration of its land in the Nation's hands and the relative disappearance of private property. Less than 10 % of the country's area belongs to private Jewish and Arab owners (8) He continues:"I dedicate this book to Israel's peasants, to the pionneers... who knew how to clear the smallest plot of the motherland".(9)

In one of the documents prepared in 1947 by the Jewish Agency in order to expose the Jewish position before the United Nations, one can read: The land held by Jews was purchased mainly from present or absentee landowners who either left their lands fallow or else leased them out, and the lesees impoverished the lands through primitive exploitation. The Jewish settlers, on the other hand, greatly improved their lands, so much so that thousands of settlers with a high standard of living now derive their livelihood on the very same lands where a few hundred of Arabs hardly eked out a bare existence heretofore.(1O)

One of the well accepted declarations of the Zionist propaganda by Western opinion is the blooming of the Holy Land deserts by the Jewish pionneers, the flourishing of its arid and mountainous land through their surhuman work. Fact are different. Only the Palestinian fellahs, by their hard work, succeeded in tranforming bare mountains into orchards and desertified areas into productive cereal fields.

But the Israeli leaders are not blinded by their Zionist propaganda. In 1979, a kibbutz economist calculated that considering only the U.S.A. area theoreticaly used to provide Israel's feeding imports reaches 6 million dunums,(8) whereas all cultivated areas of Israel were 4 million dunums.
A study by the author intitulated:"On Palestine, nourishing land, stands Israel, a military base" assess the Planet's area utilized in 1982 by Israel for its food imports at 10.000 sq.km., i.e. two and ahalf times the total fields areas of Israel. In 1995, this area must be much greater. Neither Israeli, nor other statistics can be found concerning the yearly food quantities imported by Israel in the nineties. Only the foreign currency amounts utilized for these imports are published, and these amounts increase each year.

Dan Mass, considered one of the best kibboutz movement economists declared bluntly: Concerning our feeding, we are sitting on others people table. As for the contribution of Israel's agriculture to the country's economy, he disclosed the real role played by the Israeli agriculture: "The importance of agriculture is not its contribution to the national economy, but in its possibility to cristalize beautifull forms of social life, which found their expression in the creation of moshavim and kibboutzim, in collective enterprises, in its important contribution to the improvement of the landscape and its role in the fixation of the colonisation map".(11)
From the declarations of this kibbutz expert, we understand that the main role of Israel's agriculture is not to feed its population, but to contribute to the fixation of a Jewish colonization map on the cultivated land of the deported or removed Palestinians .

The myth of rooting the Diaspora Jews on Palestinian land

The proclaimed aim of Herzl, the founder of Zionist movement, was to establish in Palestine, cleansed of its native population, a State for the European Ashkenazi Jews, rooted them in the land of their ancesters. Herzl wrote: "When the strong hand of the Jewish peasant once more guides the plough, the Jewish problem will be solved".(4)(222(21)

During this century, there were three political attemps to transform urban populations into peasants. The Zionist attempt of transforming urban Ashkenazi European Jews from Russia, Poland and Central Europe schtetels, into land labourers living in kibboutzim and moshavim; Mao's China "Cultural revolution", during which millions of urban intellectual Chinese were sent to work in its villages; the Cambodgian Red Khmers revolution, following a same purpose. All these three attemps totally failed. The failure of the Zionist movement of transforming urban Middle class Jews into peasants rooted in the soil of their ancesters has been concealed thanks to the annual billions of dollars mercenary rent received by Israel, which allows it to buy on the world markets almost all the food it needs. In fact, Israel could stop cultivate all its fields and still enjoy one of the highest food diets of the world.

The rooting of the Jews of the Diaspora in the land of its ancestors and the making by the Zionists of desert land and marshes of Palestine bloom is a myth. The feeding of the Israeli population was and continues to be tributary of millions of tons of basic and other foodstuffs imported each year. The payment these imports is not earned by the Israelis through their industrial production, but is provided by the U.S.A. and other Western powers. In compensation, Israel has transformed its territory into a Western Powers insubmersible aircraft carrier, and is ready to sacrifice its 600,000 mobilizable soldiers in order to safeguard the Western Powers interests in the oil bearing Middle East.

The kibbutz movement is nowadays agonizing, transforming its leased fertile lands into building plots, getting from these transactions 30 % or more of their real estate value.

The myth of consideration of Ashkenazi Jews and the Arabo-oriental Jews as equal partners for the colonization of the Holy Land ethnically cleansed of its Palestinian natives.

The Ashkenazi Zionist colonizers never considered the Jews originating from the arab and other Middle East countries as worthy immigrants and equal partners for the colonization of the Holy Land. These arab Jews were brought to Israel by all available means when it was ascertained that during the first two years of Israel's existence, instead of the millions of ashkenazi Jews Weizmann and Ben Gourion expected, less than 200.000 came to settle in Palestine. Most of them came because the doors of all other Western countries were closed to them.

These arab Jews were first needed as simple soldiers. They were utilized in order to replace the Palestinian workers in the citrus groves of Ashkenazi capitalists, as forestry workers planting forests on the poor palestinian lands, as settlers of improductive agricultural lands of the mountainous Galilee and the arid Negev disdained by the kibbutzim. They were living by hundreds of thousands in the shanty towns of the Coastal Plain, but were never invited to settle in their fertile lands rich in water.

After the deportation of the more than half a million of the Palestinian fellahs, their lands were left fallow. Most of their most productive fields were taken over by Ashkenazi settlers. When it was ascertained that there were no more ashkenazi kibboutz and moshav pionneers in order to settle on these lands, instead of settling these lands with the hundreds of thousands of arabo-oriental Jews living in the shanty towns, the Israeli Government sold these lands to ashkenazi capitalists from Israel and abroad. The arabo-oriental Jews are not worthy to become pionneers of the fertile irrigated fields of the Holy Land. One of these irrigated latifundia, extending on 3,000 dunums and worked by Bedouins, belongs to the family of general Ariel Sharon.

The myth of the astronomical sums paid by tbe Zionists for the arable land acquired during the Ottoman and British periods

Another myth diffused by the Zionists and well rooted in Western public opinion is that the Zionists acquired at gold price during the Ottoman rule and British Mandate the arable land used for their colonization of Ashkenazi Jews. According to Jewish Agency officials, "for over 90 % of these lands, they had to pay the full price, whether to the rightfull owners or in compensation to the few tenants of the land". 222(16)(Statistical Abstract of Jewish Palestine, 1947, p.121)

Theo Klein, a leader of the French Jewish community, in a book written in 1988 declares: "The lands were bought from Arab owners who sold them at a tip-top price. Some of these lands fetched 1000 - 1100 per dunum". 222(17) (Hamadi Essid and Theo Kein - Deux vérités en face. Editions Lieu Commun, 1988, p.174)

Facts are different. Various official documents and statistics of the Jewish Agency prove that the land acquired by the Zionist colonizers of Palestine was bought for a fraction of its real value. Jewish Agency data, applying to 70 % of the Jewish land transactions, for which documents could be found, also contradict this assertion. Between 1878 and 1900, 218,000 dunums were acquired by Zionist Jews, at an average price of £ 0.65 per dunum. Between 1901 and 1914, 200,000 dunums were acquired at an average price of £ 1.2 per dunum.222(18) (Statistical Abstract of Jewish Palestine. 1947,

The Jewish Agency for Palestine, pp. 136-137)
At the beginning of the twenties, the Jewish National Fund acquired from Sursuk, a Beyrouth banker, for £ 250,000, a domain of 240,000 dunums situated in the Western part of the Ezdraelon Valley. On this domain were to be found 21 villages inhabited by 8,000 fellahs. (Barbour N. - Nisi Dominus: A Survey of the Palestine controversy, Harrap, London, 1946, pp 117-118)222(19) After their removal, each fellah received in compensation one Pound Sterling. It must be mentioned that the money for this transaction was provided by an Iraki Jew, but not a single moshav for Iraki Jews was established on this land. Only ashkenazi Jews kibbutzim and moshavim settled this domain. The money of Iraki Jews was welcome by the Zionist leaders, but Iraki Jews, able to levantinize the future European Ashkenazi Jewish State were unwelcome.

Between 1878 and 1914, 400,000 dunums were acquired by the Zionist Jews in Palestine. After the end of the First World War up to 1927, there were new acquisitions of 447,000 dunums. All in all, Jewish institutions and private buyers paid for 1,231,000 dunums, which represented seven tenths of all Jewish land transactions on which documents could be found £ 3.7 million, i.e. about 18 million dollars.(Statistical Abstract of Jewish Palestine, 1947, pp. 136-137) 222(20)

The sums paid by the Jews for the acquisition of land during the Ottoman and British periods represents less than 4 % of the Jewish capital that entered Israel during the 30 years of the British occupation of Palestine. - £ 152 million - (Ulitzur A. -ditto).

Compared to the land prices in the Nile Valley before 1914, the prices paid by the Jews for their lands acquisitions were trifles. According to the Israeli renowned economist Alfred Bonne, one of the best experts concerning the Middle East, the Egyptian fellahs paid before 1914 in the Nile Valley an average of £ 10 to 12 annual rent of a feddan of arable land (a feddan equals 4.25 dunums) The best land was rented for £ 15-20 per year. The price of land in the Nile Valley oscilliated between 60 to 100 £ the feddan, i.e. between £ 15 to 25 per dunum.(Bonne A. - The Middle East States and their economy. Biyalek Institute Publications, Jerusalem, p.131 (in hebrew))
As already mentionned, the Zionists organisations acquired in Palestine, during the Ottoman empire, 350,000 dunums at an average price of £ l per dunum, i.e. between 33 % to 40 % of the annual rent price of one dunum of land in the Egyptian Nile valley.(Statistical Handbook of Jewish Palestine, 1947. The Jewish Agency. p.136) No comparison can be made with the land prices in the Nile Valley before 1914, and the prices paid by the Jews for their lands acquisitions.

The myth of 92 % of Israël's arable lands belonging to the Nation

The myth of the Israeli agriculture supplying all the food needs of Israel's population

The myth of Jewish settlers working in the fields of the Holy Land

The failed atttemps to transform urban dwellers into peasants

The transformation by Israel of the Holy Land into the strongest Western miltary base in the oil-bearing Middle East is the main reason why the Western Powers, first and foremost the United States, finance, feed, arm and sustain politically Israel in all World international organizations. For them, Israel represents their most important strategic base in the present World, allowing them to buy the Middle East Arab oil at very low price and see the money ot these transactions invested in the Western countries.
The rooting up of Jews and the ethnic cleansing of the Palestinians from the Holy Land, one of the major aims of Zionism

Most of the activities of the Zionist movement during the Mandatory Period aimed at rooting up the Palestinian fellahs from their land. Under the British Palestine occupation, the Palestinians ethnic cleansing could not be implemented. But less than two months after the establishment of Israel in 1948, the Palestinian ethnic cleansing, an old Zionist plan, was in full swing. About 720,000 Palestinians, out of a total of 880,000 living in 1950 Israel's armistice borders were deported.

The Palestinians were never considered as human beings by the Zionists. In February 1941, Haim Weizmann, who became Israel's first President, met secretly Ivan Meiski, the Soviet Ambassador in London. According to Soviet archives, Weizmann declared: " The sole plan for saving the Jews of Central Europe is the transfer of a million of Arabs from Palestine and the settling of 4-5 million Jews from Poland and other countries in their place. When Meiski expressed its astonishment on the possibility of bringing 5 million Jews where only one million Arabs are living, Weizmann smiled: " Don't worry. The Arabs are often called the sons of the desert. It is however more correct to call them the fathers of the desert. Arabs are primitive and lazy by nature, and therefore are able to make a desert out of any blooming garden. If only you give me the area, I will be able to settle five Jews in the place of every single Arab.... The only question is how to obtain the area (12)(22212)

The implementation of the Zionist colonial policy by force

At the beginning of the Second Word War, the Zionist leaders, could mobilize more than 100,000 men in Palestine in order to fight the nazis who were exterminating their brothers in occupied Europe. Nothing was done. About 25,000 Palestinian Jews enroled in the British Army against the wishes of the Jewish Agency. It was only in Septemer 1944, after the allies invasion of occupied Europe, that a Jewish brigade of 4,500 men was formed, who entered in action in February 1945, three months before the end of the War. The 100,000 Jewish young men of the Yishouv were needed in order to fight the Palestinians after the War. During the War more and more kibbuutzim and moshavim were established on Palestinian land.

The myth of the establishment by the Zionists of a Jewish agriculture able to supply the food needs of Israel's population Many false arguments have been used by the Zionist in order to distort reality and gain the sympathy of Western public opinion. The Israeli leaders did not spare self-congratulations for their deeds concerning the Holy Land agricultural development. One of the examples of a total distortion of facts is given in an open letter sent by Ben Gourion to De Gaulle in 1968, in which he wrote: "When we came, we found here an abandoned country, not completely depopulated but desert. We made the desert bloom by the sweat of our forehead, by our pioneer obstinate work. We did not dispossess the working fellahs from their fields. We only transformed desert areas into green fields.... Thanks to our pioneering work, we have transformed a poor and arid soil into a fertile one. We established towns and villages on left-over and deserted areas" (13)

In February 1981, Professor Pooriles, in charge of Israel's agriculturral planning, stated: "During a single generation, Israel has increased its agricultural production twelvefold....Israel is ready to share its experience with Third World countries, in order to fight their malnutrition problems" (16) 222(14)

The Zionist autorities easily found many Western personalities ready to fight for their cause before Western public opinion, and present Israel as a model for the agricultural development for poor overpopulated Third World States. Walter Clay Lowdermilk, an autority on soil conservation, in an article published in 1957 in the "Scientific American", commented: "The 20 th Century Israelites did not find, as their ancestors, a promised land "with flowing milk and honey".....They came in a country wiht intrusive sand dunes...marshes infested with malaria, nude limestone mountains....Ten years after the creation of the State, Israel has almost reached its goal of food self-sufficiency....has more than doubled its area of arable land.....Israel can become an example concerning land reclamation and the food production increase for a World population of 2.8 billion, that will double at the end of the twentieth century".

At the beginning of 1971, four european dailies, among them the French "Le Monde" and the Italian "La Stampa" published simultaneously articles on the Israeli agriculture full of praises.(15)("Le Monde", November 16 th, 1971)

The praise concerning Israel's agricultural "development" in these articles is without parallel. S. Martin, in an article entitled:"Israel, an example of a successful agricultural development" declares:" It would be difficult to find in all over the world a more successful agriculture....The exploitation of every drop of water is valorized.....Every Israeli can now rely on Israel's own agricultural production in order to supply its food needs".

All international agricultural organizations have praised Israel's agricultural performances and presented them to the governments of Third World countries as a way of eliminating hunger in their countries. Pierre Rouveroux, member of the Agricltural Academy of France, declared: "The Israeli agricultural experience can furnish lessons to developing countries....In roughly twenty years, its has trebled its cultivated area, increased its irrigated area fivefold, ensured the producttion of more than three quarters of its food needs and exported about a quarter of its agricultural production valued in 1969 at 2.6 billion Francs"

The Great Powers, especially the United States, saw in Israel's agricultural development a model that could help them subjugate Third World Countries and integrate them in the New World economic order established by the Americans. Hundreds of Israeli "experts", financed by international organizations such as the World Bank or the International Monetary Fund, were sent to many Third World countries, in order to help them transform their subsistence agriculture into an export production agriculture controled by the Western powers. Many of the Third Word governments have taken Israel experts advices seriously, allowing them to planify their agricultural production. In addition, the World Bank demands a report prepared by Israeli experts before granting a Third World country a loan for its agricultural development. When, due to overproduction, prices of agricultural export products began to fall on the World markets, malnutrition and sometimes famine developed in the countries advised by the Israelis.

The myth of implementation by the Zionists of an agrariaan reform in the Holy Land

The Israeli agrarian reform, so much praised by the Western media, was practically a counter-agrarian reform.

When the Zionists began to colonize Palestine at the end of the nineteeth century, its agricultural land was cultivated either by tens of thousands of fellahs who rented small plots from big land owners, or by tens of thousands of fellahs living in villages who owned collectively its arable land and divided it among themselves every three years the arable land according to the number of mouths in each family and other rules. The uncultivated land not inscribed in the cadaster was used collectively as pasture fields, providers of wood and other uses. When a fellah reclaimed and sow an uncultivated area three years in succession, it became its property. Though during the ottoman empire most of the Palestinian fertile land belonged to effendis, there were practically no big domains managed by their landowners in Ottoman Palestine.

It was only after the beginning of the Jewish colonization during the Ottoman Empire that big Jewish farms worked by Palestinians appeared in the Holy Land. The movement gained momentum during the British mandate, and culminated after the creation of Israel. The fact that more than 92 % of former Palestine arable land was nationalized by its new occupiers has nothing to do with its repartition. Former Palestinian nationalized arable land was leased by the State, against a symbolic rent, to collectivities and individuals for a period of 49 years renewable. In other words, a century.

The Palestinian fellahs safegarded their land as the pupils of their eyes. This rule was not followed by the Jewish new occupiers. About a tenth of the irrigated area of a kibboutz, averaging about 400 inhabitants each, is used as farm courtyards, living quarters and gardens. The same rule was followed in the moshavs of the Coastal Plains or the Interior Valleys. In general each moshav member had half of its farm area near his house, and the rest of the land was owned collectively and worked by Palestinians or Third World workers.

Nowadays, most of the farms of the Coastal Plain moshavs have been bought by rich urban citizens, who have transformed the farm into their main or secondary home, increased their garden spaces, created pools and tennis courts near their house, and have the rest of the land which is not owned collectively worked by outside workers.

Nowadays, in order to get back the arable land rented to kibboutzim, moshavim and individuals, and transform them into building plots, the Israel's Land Authority is ready to pay to kibbutzim, moshavim and private leasers 25-30% of their real estate value. Herzl's dream of transforming the Shtetels Ashkenazi Jews into peasants rooted in the land of their ancestors has come to an end.

The "agrarian reform" of the Zionists practically consisted in transforming the owned or rented arable land cultivated by more than one hundred thousand Palestinian fellahs families, which in their great majority were small land owners, or rented small plots from big feudal landowners, into a few hundred vast collective farms of kibboutzim, collective land of moshavim and vast latifundia belonging to societies and individuals, Israeli citizens or Diaspora Jews. One of these irrigated latifundia extending on 3,000 dunums, belongs to General Ariel Sharon, perpetrator in the fifties of the West Bank Kibia massacre then belonging to Jordan, and in 1982 those of the Sabra and Chatila massacres during the Southern Lebanon war. This domain is worked by Bedouins. Five or six Oriental Jews moshavim, established in the Galilee mountains, with a population of more than 2,500, own less land area, generally poor and improductive, than General Sharon.
Israel's 270 kibbutzim, whose total population, according to official statistics, reached 123,000 in 1993, i.e. an average of 470 per kibboutz are Israel's biggest landowners. In fact, their population, comprising a large proportion of old and very old people, is much less. There is not a single country in the World in which such a small proportion of the population controls a third of its most fertile land and half of its agricultural waters.
After the creation of the State, no more foreign currency was needed in order to expopriate the remaining Palestinian fellahs land. Very quickly, the best land of the Palestinians remaining in the northern part of the country were confiscated. The Israeli authorities, basing themselves on the Mandatory legislation, on military decrees declaring Palestinian land needed for Israel's defense, declarations of the land needed for Jewish implantations, afforestation programs, roads, on new laws voted by the Knesset, succeded in reducing the Palestinian land area belonging to Palestinians not deported in 1948, from 1.2 million dunums to less than 0.4 million, generally poor, mountainous, rocky and arid land. All the Negev Bedouin land, estimated at 2 million dunums was confiscated. In compensation, the 11,000 remaining Bedouins were allowed to rent annually 400,000 dunums of their own land, in a Negev region where precipitations averaged annually less than 200 mm. In 1996, this rented area has been strongly reduced. But the 160,000 Palestinians who remained in Israel in 1948 after the deportation of 720,000 of their compatriots are in 1996 more than one million.

Deportation of Palestinians and confiscation of their land continued even after the signing of the Rhodes armistice treaty in 1949. In 1951, during the Korean War, the inhabitants of Majdal, nowadays known as Ashkelon, were deported to the Gaza Strip and their land confiscated.
The failure of the Zionist movement of transforming the schtetel European Jews into peasants rooted in the Holy Land

During this century there were three attemps of rooting urban populations in their country's fields and tranform them into peasants. The Zionist attempt to transform schtetel ashkenazi Jews into peasants; Mao cultural revolution aimed at transforming Chinese intellectuals into land labourers; The Cambodgian Red Khmer revoltion aiming ar transforming urban citizens into peasants. All three attemps failed miserably.
The creation of Jewish agricultural settlements in the Holy land, was the screen behind which the institutionalized dispossession, sterilization and dilapidation of the cultivated land and water resources of one of the oldest poeples on Earth, the Palestinians, able to feed themselves on its resources, and their expulsion from the land they cultivated generation after generation from times immemorial, in order to transform it into a Western military base in the oil-bearing Middle East was done.
Despite all their declarations, the main aim of the Ashkenazi Zionists leaders after the Second World War was to ethnically cleanse Palestine from the majoritarian indigenous Palestinians, people it with Ashkenazi Jews from Europe and America, and transform the future new State and its territory into the strongest Western Powers military base in the oil bearing Middle East. This strategic base was created by the ashkenazi Zionists through the establishment of a Jewish State controled by them. But the ashkenazi Jews for whom the Zionist movement created the State of Israel did not came. Without new immigrants the new State was doomed to disappear. So the Zionist leadership decided to bring to Israel, by all possible means, the majority of the million of Jews from Arab and other Moslem countries, despised as much as the Palestinians. Against all the Zionist predictions and wishes, Israel is nowadays, demographically speaking, an Oriental State where Arabo-Oriental Jews and the Palestinian Israeli citizens that the Ashkenazi leaders did not succeed to deport, represent more than three quarters of Israel's population. But at the end of the XX th century, the real power is still in the hands of the minoritarian European Ashkenazis, creators of the State, an aging and dwindling group, who put its territory and populations at the service of the Western powers, and who transformed the Holy Land into the strongest Western Powers military base in the oil bearing Middle East, first and foremost the United States. In exchange, the Western powers finance, arm, feed, and sustain politically Israel in all international organizations, whatever the Israeli leaders do to the Palestinians and their Arab neighbours. That is why the establishment of an agriculture able to feed Israel's population was never seriously considered. An Israeli anecdote in the sixties, when Levy Eshkol was Prime Minister illustrates it: "One of Eshkol ministers reported to him that a terrible drought is developping. Eshkol asked: Where? In the Negev. Eshkol replied: You frightened me. I thought the drought occured in the United States".

The Zionist leaders failed totally in their objective: Establish an Ashkenazi Jewish State in Palestine, with an Ashkenazi Jewish population well rooted on the Palestinian Land, ethnically cleansed from its Palestinian population, with a very small minority of Oriental Jews, to be used as manual workers.
Half a century after the creation of Israel, and the coming after 1989 of more than half a million of ex-Soviet immigrants, that 30 % of them have nothing to do with Judaism, the demographic composition of Greater Israel has changed considerably. Notwithstanding the deportation of more than 720,000 Palestinians in 1948 and an additionnal 300,000 in 1967, to whom must be added the 135,000 Syrian expelled in 1967 from the Golan, they represent nowadays 3.4 million, i.e. the greatest population group - 43 % - of the 7.7 million living in 1993 in former Mandatory Palestine.
The Arabo-Oriental Jews, who in 1939 represented 6 % of the 17 million Jews on Earth, represent in 1995 more than 60 % of the 4.5 million Israeli citizens considered as Jews. As for the Ashkenazis, the creators of Israel, an aging and dwindling minority which concentrates all powers, their total population should be around a third of Israel's Jewish population.
The Zionists declarations of their ability to transform their so-called desertified Palestine, thanks to the hard work of its Jewish Ashkenazi pioneers into one of the richest agricultural countries on Earth was the screen behind which the dispossession of the Palestinians of their arable land and water, the uprooting of the fellahs from the land they cultivated, generation after generation, from time immemorial, and the transformation of the

Palestinian territory into the strongest Western strategic military base in the oil bearing Middle East was realized.

The Palestinians citizens of Israel represent nowadays about one million, i.e. 20% of Israel's population, not including the occupied territories. They possess all in all 370 sq. km., i.e. less than 2 % of Israel's territory, most of it builded areas. The share of their own agricultural water by the Palestinians Israeli citizens, who represent 20 % of the population, was at the beginning of the eightees 25 million cu. m. per year, compared to the 1,300 million c.m. utilized yearly by Israel for its agriculture, it represented 0.02 % of the total agricultural yearly water consumption.
The real reasons which allowed the Zionist movement to establish a Jewish State in Palestine at the end of the Second World War
The first reason was that the Zionist movement placed the creation of a Jewish State on top priority than the savage of Jews from the nazi
During the Second World War, the Yishouv population was not informed of the

No appeal to the European Jews of the dangter that them. The future President Haim Weizman once stated that at the end of the war the situation of the European Jews will be so desesperate and their future in Palestine so brillant that will come to settle in the Holy land

No appeal to the Jews to go and join the partisans fighting the Nazis, because these partisans will never think to come and settle in Palestine
No appeal to the allies to go and bomb Auschwitz and other extermination camps

The reasons which decided the two superpowers winners of the Second World War - the United States and the Soviet Union - to give the green light to the Zionist movement for the establishment of a Jewish State in relatively strongly peopled Palestine has very little to do with their desire to find a solution for the Jews who survived the nazi Holocaust. Two main reasons were behind this decision. First the mounting importance of the Middle East, who in addition to its strategic importance, saw its economic importance increase manyfold after the discovery of about two thirds of the Planet oil reserves in its underground. Secondly, the fact that the old colonial empires of the Great Powers were dismantling, and the only way that had the two main winners of the Second World War to control this region was through the creation of a military strong State, of a people foreign to the region, devoted to them. The Zionist authority, represented by the Jewish Agency, who during the British mandate, succeeded to form a third of the population of Palestine, was ready to assume this role.
The Jewish Agency declaration that the State of Israel was established asked

As for the Great Powers fighting the nazis during the Second World War
Nearly half a century after the creation of Israel, it is important to analyse what the Zionist colonizers have done with the land and water taken from the Palestinians during the British mandatory period and after the creation of Israel. There is no other country in the World in which, during half a century the destruction of its arable soils and the dilapidation and pollution of its water reserves was implemented at such a rate.
The next chapters will analyse how the full swing development of the Palestinian agriculture during the mandatory period was stopped. How, in less than 50 years, most of its cultivated fields and water resources of Palestine and its neighbouring countries were dilapidated. How the ashkenazi Zionists succeeded in transforming the Holy Land, where "milk and honey flow", a country supplying all the food needs of its Palestinian population and part of its Jewish one, into a largely desertified country relying for the feeding of its increasing population on the food imports brought to the Haifa and Ashdod harbours. The establishment of the Jewish State in Palestine was strongly linked in transforming Palestine's territory into the strongest Western powers military base in the oil bearing Middle East.